The Full History of Fake Eyelashes: From Ancient Innovations to Modern Glam

Makeup has been an essential part of personal grooming for centuries, and one of the most fascinating beauty trends involves the enhancement of the eyes. From ancient Egyptian kohl to modern-day mascara, the beauty industry has continually evolved. However, few innovations have had the lasting impact of fake eyelashes. Today, let’s take a deep dive into the captivating history of fake eyelashes — an invention that has revolutionized beauty routines and is now a global phenomenon.

The Early History of False Eyelashes

The concept of fake eyelashes dates back to the 19th century, and surprisingly, it wasn’t always a glamorous pursuit. Early reports mention women enhancing their lashes by sewing human hair directly into their eyelids, a practice reportedly carried out by hairdressers and wig makers. While these stories appeared in European newspapers, it’s difficult to verify their accuracy.

A more convincing theory suggests that fake eyelashes were custom-made for actresses by hairdressers and wig makers, primarily to enhance their eyes for performances on stage. These early lashes were often crafted from trimmed human hair and attached using surgical glue — quite similar to how lashes are applied today.

1910s: The First Patents and Innovations

The real turning point in the development of false eyelashes came in the early 20th century. In 1902, German inventor Charles Nessler patented a version of false lashes in the UK. These lashes, marketed as "Nesto Lashes," were quite advanced for their time. The "foundation" of the lashes was made from fish bladder, and human hair was threaded through it to mimic natural lashes. These lashes were applied using a “skin fluid” adhesive, similar to spirit gum, which allowed the lashes to stay in place for up to 10 days.

Nessler’s lashes came in two varieties: one designed for society wear and a more dramatic version made for stage performances. After moving to the United States, Nessler continued to refine his invention and patented his lashes in the 1920s. Around the same time, Canadian inventor Anna Taylor filed a patent for false lashes in the U.S., further contributing to the evolution of this beauty tool.

1920s: The Rise of Hollywood Glamour

The 1920s marked a turning point for fake lashes, particularly with the rise of Hollywood. In the silent film era, stars like Clara Bow and Louise Brooks relied on heavy eye makeup, including false lashes, to accentuate their features on the big screen. Makeup artists and wig makers in Hollywood, including the legendary Max Factor, played a significant role in popularizing the use of false lashes.

While everyday women didn’t typically wear fake lashes, the glamorous looks seen in films helped cement their association with high society and special events.

1930s: Boxed Lashes and Lash Grafting

In the 1930s, false eyelashes became more accessible, thanks in part to Max Factor and Charles Nessler. Boxed lashes became available for purchase, making it easier for women to wear them on special occasions.

Around this time, Marjorie A. Birk patented a new method for making lashes more flexible and comfortable. Instead of gluing the lashes to strips of gauze or fish bladder, she knotted the hair through a thin cotton strip, leading to a more natural look.

Professional beauty salons also began offering "lash grafting" services, an early form of what we know today as eyelash extensions.

1940s - 1960s: The Big Lash Shift

The 1940s and 1950s were defined by World War II, which temporarily halted the production of luxury beauty products. However, after the war, false lashes made a massive comeback. In the 1960s, beauty standards shifted, with Elizabeth Taylor’s iconic look in Cleopatra and Twiggy’s mod makeup pushing the boundaries of eye makeup even further. False lashes were no longer reserved for the stars but became part of the everyday look, particularly for those seeking bold and dramatic eyes.

As a result, more brands entered the market. Revlon, Elizabeth Arden, and Eylure all began selling false lashes, with some pioneering mink fur lashes, which offered a more luxurious and natural-looking alternative to synthetic ones.

1970s: Clusters, Flare Lashes, and the DIY Movement

The 1970s brought new innovations in lash designs, such as cluster and flare lashes. These lashes allowed makeup artists to create more natural and customizable looks by using smaller sections rather than one long strip of lashes. While false lashes gained more traction in beauty circles, they still hadn’t reached mainstream popularity.

Modern Lash Advances: The 2000s to Today

Fast forward to the 2000s and 2010s, when fake lashes underwent a dramatic transformation. New materials, such as synthetic fibers and mink, allowed for softer, more natural-looking lashes that were cruelty-free and vegan-friendly. Additionally, innovations like magnetic lashes and DIY eyelash extensions became popular, providing an easier, more accessible way to achieve lash extensions without a professional.

Professional eyelash extensions also became a major trend during this period, with enhanced safety regulations ensuring a safer, more comfortable experience for clients.

The Future of False Lashes: DIY Lash Extensions

Looking to the future, DIY eyelash extensions are quickly becoming a game-changer. These lashes, designed to fit the underside of the lash line, offer a more permanent and natural look than traditional false lashes, while still being easy to apply at home. Combining the best elements of lash extensions and fake lashes, these products are poised to continue shaping the way we approach eye makeup for years to come.

Fake eyelashes have come a long way, from their humble beginnings to the dramatic, luxurious options available today. Whether you're getting ready for a special event, a night out, or just want to enhance your everyday look, lashes have become an integral part of beauty routines around the world. And who knows what the future holds for these eye-enhancing wonders?